Real-Life Limitless Pill "Donepezil" not NZT-48 Pill

Real-Life Limitless Pill "Donepezil" not NZT-48 Pill

The film, Limitless 2011 -- starring Bradley Cooper in which his character takes a new drug "NZT-48 pill" that allows him to learn faster, recall everything he's ever read or seen, and solve complex equations.

It may sound like something impossible, but researchers have discovered a pill that functioning as NZT-pill. the pill helps adults learn new skills as quickly as children. The pill called Donepill . In Limitless, Bradley Cooper takes a pill that opens up closed regions of his brain to boost his intelligence, motor skills and more. The drug donepezil is a cholinesterase inhibitor. This means it increases the amount of acetylcholine around nerve endings and helps boost brain function.

The pill boosts chemicals in the brain, such as serotonin and acetylcholine, which are both found in high concentrations in the brains of young children. These chemicals naturally reduce with age. Children under seven develop new skills rapidly because their brains go through what’s called ‘critical periods’ of development.

Due to high levels of certain chemicals and the fast growth of the brain, young children learn new languages, absorb information and pick up musical skills, for example, much faster than adults. In adults, these skills become harder as the brain reaches peak development and loses this ‘elasticity’. -

Children develop new skills rapidly as their brains go through ‘critical periods’ of development. This means they learn new languages, absorb information and pick up musical skills much faster than adults. In adults, these skills become harder as the brain reaches peak development and loses this ‘elasticity’.

Professor Takao Hensch gave donepezil to a 14-year-old girl called Shannon, a patient at the Boston Children’s Hospital. Shannon has a condition called amblyopia that impairs her vision, also known as a ‘lazy eye.’ Following tests with donepezil, Shannon was able to process images with her affected eye, in the same way a newborn would.

In December, Professor Hensch similarly used an epilepsy drug called valproate to teach tone-deaf adults how to pick out different musical notes. Participants who took the valproate were able to correctly identify an average of 5.09 notes, while people in a control group could only identify 3.5.

The brain is not losing its plasticity forever as we grow older,’ Professor Hensch told The Atlantic.
‘Instead, it throws on the brakes at certain times. It’s the brain’s job to be elastic, and it wants to rewire.‘But through evolution, it’s created a lot of molecules to make sure it doesn’t rewire too much.’He continued: ‘Much of our adult behaviour reflects the neural circuits sculpted by experience in infancy and early childhood.‘At no other time in life does the surrounding environment so potently shape brain function – from basic motor skills, sensation or sleep to higher cognitive processes like language.‘How this plasticity waxes and wanes with age carries an impact far beyond neuroscience, including education policy, therapeutic approaches to developmental disorders or strategies for recovery from brain injury in adulthood.’

More Detail:-http://www.theatlantic.com/

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Caffeine for Your Health — Too Good to Be True?

"Coffee is an amazingly potent collection of biologically active compounds," Walter Willett, M.D., of the Harvard School of Public Health, told the National Institutes of Health's newsletter.

• Drinking up to six cups a day of coffee is not associated with increased risk of death from any cause, or death from cancer or cardiovascular disease.
• Some people may still want to consider avoiding coffee or switching to decaf, especially women who are pregnant, or people who have a hard time controlling their blood pressure or blood sugar.
• It’s best to brew coffee with a paper filter, to remove a substance that causes increases in LDL cholesterol.
• Coffee may have potential health benefits, but more research needs to be done.
• Read more about coffee and tea compared to other beverages.

1. The latest Harvard study on coffee and health seems to offer good news for coffee drinkers. What did the research find?

We looked at the relationship between coffee consumption and overall mortality in the Nurses’ Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study, which together included about 130,000 study volunteers. (1) At the start of the study, these healthy men and women were in their 40s and 50s. We followed them for 18 to 24 years, to see who died during that period, and to track their diet and lifestyle habits, including coffee consumption. We did not find any relationship between coffee consumption and increased risk of death from any cause, death from cancer, or death from cardiovascular disease. Even people who drank up to six cups of coffee per day were at no higher risk of death. This finding fits into the research picture that has been emerging over the past few years. For the general population, the evidence suggests that coffee drinking doesn’t have any serious detrimental health effects.

2. So for coffee drinkers, no news is good news? Why is this finding so important?

It’s an important message because people have seen coffee drinking as an unhealthy habit, along the lines of smoking and excessive drinking, and they may make a lot of effort to reduce their coffee consumption or quit drinking it altogether, even if they really enjoy it. Our findings suggest that if you want to improve your health, it’s better to focus on other lifestyle factors, such as increasing your physical activity, quitting smoking, or eating more whole grains.

3. Is there an upper limit for the amount of coffee that is healthy to drink each day?

If you’re drinking so much coffee that you get tremors, have sleeping problems, or feel stressed and uncomfortable, then obviously you’re drinking too much coffee. But in terms of effects on mortality or other health factors, for example, we don’t see any negative effects of consuming up to six cups of coffee a day. Keep in mind that our study and in most studies of coffee, a “cup” of coffee is an 8-ounce cup with 100 mg of caffeine, not the 16 ounces you would get in a grande coffee at a Starbucks, which has about 330 mg of caffeine.

Also keep in mind that the research is typically based on coffee that’s black or with a little milk or sugar, but not with the kind of high-calorie coffeehouse beverages that have become popular over the past few years. A 24-ounce mocha Frappachino at Starbucks with whipped cream has almost 500 calories—that’s 25 percent of the daily calorie intake for someone who requires 2,000 calories a day. People may not realize that having a beverage like that adds so much to their energy intake, and they may not compensate adequately by eating less over the course of the day. This could lead to weight gain over time, which could in turn increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, and that’s a major concern.

4. Is there any research that suggests coffee may have some beneficial health effects?

Yes, research over the past few years suggests that coffee consumption may protect against type 2 diabetes, Parkinson’s disease, liver cancer, and liver cirrhosis. And our latest study on coffee and mortality found that people who regularly drank coffee actually had a somewhat lower risk of death from cardiovascular disease than those who rarely drank coffee; this result needs to be confirmed in further studies, however. This is a pretty active area of research right now, and it’s not at the stage where we would say, “Start drinking coffee to increase your health even if you don’t like it.” But I think the evidence is good that for people in general—outside of a few populations, such as pregnant women, or people who have trouble controlling their blood pressure or blood sugar—coffee is one of the good, healthy beverage choices.

5. Why does it seem like scientists keep flip-flopping on whether coffee is bad for you or good for you?

Often people think of coffee just as a vehicle for caffeine. But it’s actually a very complex beverage with hundreds and hundreds of different compounds in it. Since coffee contains so many different compounds, drinking coffee can lead to very diverse health outcomes. It can be good for some things and bad for some things, and that’s not necessarily flip-flopping or inconsistent. Few foods are good for everything. That’s why we do studies on very specific health effects—for example, studies of how coffee affects the risk of diabetes—but we also conduct studies such as this most recent one looking at coffee consumption and mortality over a long period of time, which better reflects the overall health effect.

Coffee is also a bit more complex to study than some other food items. Drinking coffee often goes along together with cigarette smoking, and with a lifestyle that’s not very health conscious. For example, people who drink lots of coffee tend to exercise less. They are less likely to use dietary supplements, and they tend to have a less healthful diet. So in the early studies on coffee and health, it was hard to separate the effects of coffee from the effects of smoking or other lifestyle choices.

Over the several decades that coffee has been studied, there have been some reports that coffee may increase the risk of certain cancers or the risk of heart disease. But in better conducted studies, such as the one we just published—larger studies that have a lot of information about all other lifestyle factors and make a real effort to control for these lifestyle factors—we do not find many of these health effects that people were afraid of.

6. What is the latest research on the risks of coffee or caffeine during pregnancy?

For pregnant women, there has been quite a bit of controversy over whether high intake of coffee or caffeine may increase the risk of miscarriage. The jury is still out. But we know that the caffeine goes through the placenta and reaches the fetus, and that the fetus is very sensitive to caffeine; it metabolizes it very slowly. So for pregnant women it seems prudent to reduce coffee consumption to a low level, for example one cup a day.

7. Should people with high blood pressure consider reducing their coffee or caffeine intake? What about people with diabetes?

We know that if people are not used to using any caffeine, and they start to use caffeine, their blood pressure goes up substantially. Within a week of caffeine consumption, however, we see that the effect is less pronounced—there is less of an increase in blood pressure. After several weeks of continued caffeine consumption, however, a little bit of increase in blood pressure remains. In studies that look at the incidence of hypertension in the general population, drinking caffeinated coffee is not associated with a substantial increase in risk. But if people have hypertension, and are having a hard time controlling their hypertension, they could try switching from caffeinated coffee to decaffeinated coffee, to see if it has a beneficial effect.

With diabetes, it’s a bit of a paradox. Studies around the world consistently show that high consumption of caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee is associated with low risk of type 2 diabetes. But if you look at acute studies that just give people caffeine or caffeinated coffee, and then have them eat something rich in glucose, their sensitivity to insulin drops and their blood glucose levels are higher than expected. There isn’t any long-term data on coffee consumption and glucose control. But if people have diabetes and have trouble controlling their blood glucose, it may be beneficial for them to try switching from caffeinated to decaffeinated coffee. Making the switch from caffeinated to decaf may be better than quitting coffee altogether, because some research suggests that decaffeinated coffee actually reduces the glucose response.

8. How do you explain the paradoxical findings on coffee and caffeine consumption and diabetes?

It’s possible that there are simply different effects for short-term and long-term intake of coffee and caffeine. And, as I mentioned before, it’s becoming increasingly clear that coffee is much more than caffeine, and the health effects that you see for caffeinated coffee are often different than what you would expect based on its caffeine content.

For example, if you look at exercise performance, it seems that caffeine can be somewhat beneficial, but caffeinated coffee is not. Or if you look at blood pressure and compare the effects of caffeinated coffee to the effects of caffeine, you’ll find that caffeinated coffee causes blood pressure increases that are substantially weaker than what one would expect for the amount of caffeine it contains. The same is true for the relationship between coffee, caffeine, and blood glucose after a meal. It’s possible that there are compounds in coffee that may counteract the effect of caffeine, but more research needs to be done.

9.  Is drinking coffee made with a paper filter healthier than drinking boiled coffee or other types of coffee?

Coffee contains a substance called cafestol that is a potent stimulator of LDL cholesterol levels. Cafestol is found in the oily fraction of coffee, and when you brew coffee with a paper filter, the cafestol gets left behind in the filter. Other methods of coffee preparation, such as the boiled coffee common in Scandinavian countries, French press coffee, or Turkish coffee, are much higher in cafestol. So for people who have high cholesterol levels or who want to prevent having high cholesterol levels, it is better to choose paper filtered coffee or instant coffee, since they have much lower levels of cafestol than boiled or French press coffee. Espresso is somewhere in the middle; it has less cafestol than boiled or French press coffee, but more than paper filtered coffee.

10. Do tea and coffee have similar beneficial effects?

One could expect some of the beneficial effects of coffee to be similar for tea, since some of the compounds are similar. A study in China has found that drinking large quantities of Oolongtea—a liter a day—is beneficial for glycemic control in people with diabetes. But research on tea in the U.S. has not shown the type of beneficial effect we see for coffee, probably because people in the U.S.tend to drink tea that is weaker in strength and tend to drink less of it.

References

1. Lopez-Garcia E, van Dam RM, Li TY,Rodriguez-Artalejo F, Hu FB. The Relationship of Coffee Consumption with Mortality. Ann Intern Med. 2008;148:904-914. Summary for patients.

More Detail:http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/

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The top ten most expensive cars in the world

10. McLaren P1 $1.1M

From the same manufacturer as the legendary F1, the P1 might just live up the insane legacy of the first 230 mph production car.

Lurking underneath the carbon fiber is a 3.8 liter twin-turbo V8 which when paired with the onboard electric motor is good for 903 horsepower and 664 lb-ft of torque. The right way to think about this isn’t even as a hybrid, but like a roadgoing Formula 1 car with a Kinetic Energy Recovery System. This will help you get over the fact that you can only get 9 miles on the battery.

Straight ahead speed isn’t quite as lunatic as it was on the F1, with the top speed limited to a measly 217 mph. But it will get you to 60 mph in less than 3 seconds, and make it from 0-182 in 16.5 seconds, twice as fast as Ferrari 458 Italia. It will also grip and brake like the amazing Spiderman on PEDs.

McLaren has gone all out on the quality control, when engineers test the waterproof seals the car is doused in nearly 4,000 gallons of water.

If you want one, act now because they just went into production and most of the 375 are spoken for.

9. Hennessey Venom GT $1.1M

The engineers over at Hennessey may need a little less testosterone and a little more Thorazine. That hasn’t stopped them, though, from achieving something that most physicists consider impossible. This little company has produced the fastest ever production car, capable of 271 mph.

They say everything is bigger in Texas and the Lone Star State-based tuning house is happy to that statement correct.

The Venom GT is filled with enough horsepower to stretch across the Lone Star State itself, packing a mind-blowing 1,500 horsepower mined from a poisonous 7.0-liter twin-turbo V8 engine. 0-60 is pegged at two seconds. The riotous acceleration doesn’t end there, though, the Venom claims a top speed of 287 mph.

If the CERN particle accelerator keeps having trouble they might just think about driving a Venom GT around it instead. Or maybe NASA could use it for deep space travel.

At just $1.1 million this car is almost a bargain considering it can out strip everything on this list, except maybe: the mighty Koenigsegg One:1.

8. Zenvo ST1 $1.2M

Denmark may only be known for its massive butter consumption and as the setting of Hamlet. But the Zenovo ST1 is definitely ‘to be.’

Well, only three of them will actually ‘be.’ Apparently because they need to be hand carved from adamantium and Thor’s hammer.

The results though are impressive, the ST1 is propelled by a turbo supercharged 7.0-liter V8, which might have been nicked off of a P-38 Lightning. This monster powerplant is good for a top speed of 233 mph and a 0-60 time south of three seconds.

Unfortunately for the mighty Dane, its initial exhibitions have not gone well. It nearly killed Jeremy Clarkson of Top Gear by setting him on fire and then didn’t even go that fast.

No wonder it looks so angry. Don’t count the ST1 out yet though, because Zenvo is hard at work.

7. Ferrari La Ferrari $1.3M

Italian for ‘the Ferrari,” the Ferrari the Ferrari’s name might be a bit silly. But the everything else is absolutely spectacular.

In true Italian fashion, at the heart of this stallion is a V12. By itself, this mighty heart pumps out 789 horsepower. But if you hit the defibrillator and electrocute that sucker, with the Kinetic Energy Recovery System (KERS), you can get up to 950 hp.

Because this thing weighs rather a lot less than your average Ford Focus, the tidal wave of power will drive you to 120 mph in less than seven seconds; faster than most cars can get you to 60 mph.

If Ferrari hasn’t already called to offer you one of the 499 LaFerraris it has built, you are out luck. You are just going to have to look for one secondhand on the Dubai Craigslist.

6. Pagani Huayra $1.3M

Welcome to the best car that no one can pronounce. Named for the Incan “God of Winds,” the Huayra’s (why-rah) offers performance that a deity would be envious of.

Powered by an AMG 6.0-liter V12 with two turbochargers, the Huayra is good for 230 mph. And at 740 lb-ft, more torque than your average pantheon.

Styling is very Pagani. The car boasts gullwing doors, the patented Pagani antenna/side mirrors and some of the best leatherwork you will ever see.

For the low, low price of $1.3 million, this car is such a bargain you might want to buy two.

5. Koenigsegg One:1. $2.0M

When it comes to the car world, Koenigsegg has been the crazy uncle off in the corner doing its own thing. Well that business model has really paid off because it has just achieved a very impressive automotive first, a one-to-one power-to-weight ratio in a road car.

This insane machine weighs just 1,340 kilograms and puts out 1,340 horsepower. And that weight includes a full complement of fluids and an average driver. This should make the One:1 the fastest accelerating car – and possibly plane – that money can buy. What do I mean? I mean 0 to 250 mph in under twenty seconds and a claimed potential top speed of 273 mph or more.

In short, there might be more luxurious cars on this list, but there is none that can hold a candle in raw performance.

4. Ferrari F60 America. $3.2M

Built to celebrate 60 years of Ferrari in America, the F60 – get it? – is perhaps the most insane Ferrari Roadster ever. The F60 is based on the F12 Berlinetta, a car so crazy it left noted ‘POWEEEEERRRR’ enthusiast Jeremy Clarkson scared.

In addition to that insanity, this bad boy sports blue and white paint in honor of Ferrari’s North American Racing Team, and a cloth soft top that can be raised at speeds of up to 75 mph.

That is a good thing, too, because, at full tilt, the F60 will get to that speed awfully quickly. The F60’s 740-hp V12 will propel the the car to 60 mph in 3.1 seconds and on to a top speed of around 200 mph. Hopefully one of the ten people lucky enough to get their hands on the F60 America will test that out and let us know how fast it really goes.

3. Mansory Vivre: Bugatti Veyron. $3.4M

The Bugatti Veyron is getting to that point in its life where it can wax reflective and nostalgic. That’s where the Legend Meo Constantini comes in. Built to commemorate friend of Bugatti founder, and two-time winner of the Targa Folorio, in a Bugatti 35.

Constantini was just the sort of aristocratic whack-job that made early motor racing great, so its appropriate that Bugatti honored him with such a mental car.

Underneath the Legend is a Grand Sport Vitesse Roadster. It draws a hyper-godly 1,200 hp from its W16. This is good for a top speed of 254 mph. It might be a bit slower than the Veyron Super Sport, but it’s much prettier. The carbon fiber is painted French Racing Blue, and the aluminum is left to its own burnished glory. Maps of the Targa Florio and other racing scenes are laser etched in both the exterior and interior. This isn’t just a face melting speed machine, its also a work of art.

2. W Motors Lykan Hypersport $3.4M

Didn’t know that Lebanon had a car industry? Then you are missing out, because the W Motors’ Lykan Hypersport is one of the most impressive things on four wheels.

Not many details are out about this car yet, but it is purportedly good for 245 mph, and a 0-60 time of 2.7 seconds. Amazingly, this acceleration comes courtesy of a turbocharged V6, which, compared to some of the mammoth V12s sported by cars on this list, seems positively demure.

If those performance figures don’t jump off the page, don’t worry the Lykan Hypersport has an ace up its sleeve. W Motors didn’t just focus on performance, they have the tech madness and sheer excess side of hypercars covered.  Those handsomely aggressive LED lights are covered in diamonds, and the information about how far over the speed limit you are going is conveyed by a holographic display.

All I can say is, “Help me Lykan Hypersport, you are my only hope.”

1. Lamborghini Veneno $4M

We should have expected something this mad for Lamborghini’s 50th anniversary, but somehow we were still surprised. The Veneno is simply jaw-dropping.

It may not be the most beautiful supercar, but it is still one of the coolest. I still have to remind myself that I am actually looking at photos of it rather than a concept drawing or a computer generation.

But the Veneno isn’t all looks and no go. The name is Spanish for “poison” and boy is that appropriate. The naturally aspirated V12 – because turbos are for sissies – hammers out 750 horsepower. This Italian thunderclap will bring to 60 in 2.8 seconds, probably faster than sound can leave your body during a terrified scream.

The big wing on the back is encouraging. Either it will help keep the car on the road or it means that the Veneno is in accordance with FAA regulations, which is good until you realize that means it was designed to fly. Gulp.

It gets better too, because Lambo has recently gone ahead with a convertible version. The “poison” Spyder is just as fast, and even more mental. With speeds approaching 220 mph in an open top car, lets just say you are going to need goggles.

Even the batmobile looks tame in comparison to the Veneno and it probably costs less too.

Want one? That’s a silly question. Of course you do. Unfortunately, the three hard tops are already spoken for, but there will be nine roadsters. They may cost an extra half million dollars, but for something like this thats almost a bargain.

And hey we can all dream. After all, that’s the point of this list.

Read more: http://www.digitaltrends.com/

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